Hemoglobin (Hb) – What It Is and Why It Matters
Hemoglobin (Hb) is the most commonly measured marker of blood health. It binds oxygen in the lungs and releases it where the body needs it. Low hemoglobin is the hallmark of anemia, while elevated levels can signal dehydration, lung disease, or bone-marrow overproduction. A simple blood test provides a fast snapshot of your oxygen-carrying capacity.
Why Test Hemoglobin?
Testing hemoglobin helps detect anemia early, evaluate blood loss, monitor chronic disease, and assess overall oxygen transport. It is a core component of every complete blood count (CBC) and is recommended before surgery, during pregnancy, and whenever fatigue or pallor is unexplained.
What Do High Hemoglobin Levels Mean?
Elevated hemoglobin (polycythemia) may be caused by dehydration, chronic lung disease, heavy smoking, or bone marrow disorders such as polycythemia vera. Symptoms can include headache, facial redness, dizziness, and an increased risk of blood clots.
What Do Low Hemoglobin Levels Mean?
Low hemoglobin (anemia) indicates reduced oxygen delivery. Common causes include iron deficiency, vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, chronic kidney disease, and bone marrow dysfunction. It can also follow significant blood loss.
Symptoms to Watch For
- Persistent fatigue and weakness
- Pale or yellowish skin
- Shortness of breath on exertion
- Dizziness or lightheadedness
- Cold hands and feet
- Headache and difficulty concentrating
Who Should Get Tested?
- Anyone experiencing unexplained fatigue or pallor
- Women with heavy menstrual bleeding
- Pregnant women
- People with chronic kidney or lung disease
- Athletes monitoring oxygen capacity
How to Prepare for Your Test
No special preparation is needed. Bring valid ID to your appointment.
Order Your Blood Test
Test your Hemoglobin levels with an accredited Swedish laboratory. Results within days, reviewed by Wellth.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a normal hemoglobin level?
Can diet affect hemoglobin?
How often should I test hemoglobin?
Reviewed by
Wellth Team
Wellth
Our content is written and reviewed by Wellth, and fact-checked against peer-reviewed research and current Swedish clinical guidelines.
Learn more about our team →Medical Disclaimer
The information on this page is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Wellth provides health information and testing services but is not a substitute for clinical care. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider if you have questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing severe or urgent symptoms, contact your doctor or call 1177 Vårdguiden. Blood test results should be interpreted by a qualified healthcare professional in the context of your complete medical history.