Infection

TBE — The Tick Test for Your Brain's Sake

Tick-borne encephalitis is a viral infection spread by ticks that can inflame the brain and its surrounding membranes. It occurs in parts of Sweden and the wider Nordic region, with risk concentrated in known endemic areas. Unlike Borrelia, TBE cannot be treated with antibiotics, and vaccination is the main protection. This test distinguishes current infection, past infection and antibodies from vaccination.

Why Test TBE Blood Test?

Got bitten in a TBE-endemic area and now feeling flu-ish followed by headache, stiff neck, or confusion? Test immediately. Also smart if you want to check whether your TBE vaccination produced protective antibodies, or if you've had unexplained neurological symptoms following a tick bite.

What Do High TBE Blood Test Levels Mean?

Positive IgM means a recent or active TBE infection. Positive IgG suggests past infection or successful vaccination — you've got immunity. Both positive? You may be in the acute or recovery phase of a recent infection. Always interpret alongside your symptoms.

What Do Low TBE Blood Test Levels Mean?

Negative on both IgM and IgG means no TBE antibodies were found. You're likely not infected and don't have immunity. If you spend time in tick-heavy forested areas, vaccination is worth considering.

Symptoms to Watch For

  • First phase: fever, fatigue, headache, muscle pain (feels like flu)
  • Second phase: severe headache and stiff neck
  • Confusion or drowsiness
  • Nausea and light sensitivity
  • Paralysis or tremors in severe cases
  • High fever

Who Should Get Tested?

  • People bitten by a tick in a TBE-endemic area
  • Those with flu-like symptoms followed by neurological symptoms after a tick bite
  • Anyone wanting to verify immunity after TBE vaccination
  • People living in or frequently visiting Nordic forests
  • Those with unexplained neurological symptoms and a history of tick exposure

How to Prepare for Your Test

No special preparation needed. Bring valid ID to your appointment.

Frequently Asked Questions

What exactly is TBE?
Tick-borne encephalitis is a viral infection from tick bites that can inflame the brain and its membranes. It's common in parts of Northern and Central Europe.
Is there a treatment for TBE?
No specific antiviral exists. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms. That's why vaccination is the most effective strategy — prevention over cure.
Can the test show if my TBE vaccination worked?
Yes. It detects the IgG antibodies your body produces in response to the vaccine, confirming whether you've built protective immunity.
NW

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Wellth Team

Wellth

Our content is written and reviewed by Wellth, and fact-checked against peer-reviewed research and current Swedish clinical guidelines.

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Medical Disclaimer

The information on this page is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Wellth provides health information and testing services but is not a substitute for clinical care. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider if you have questions about a medical condition. If you are experiencing severe or urgent symptoms, contact your doctor or call 1177 Vårdguiden. Blood test results should be interpreted by a qualified healthcare professional in the context of your complete medical history.