Lipids & Cardiovascular
Homocysteine
Lipids & Cardiovascular
Amino acid linked to cardiovascular risk. Elevated with low B12 and folate.
VAT-exempt medical service
Homocysteine is a sulphur-containing amino acid produced as a byproduct of methionine metabolism. It is an important marker in health and disease. Elevated levels are thought to result from abnormalities in the methylation pathway, which is critical for immune regulation and inflammation. High homocysteine is an independent risk factor for heart disease, stroke, dementia, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and recurrent miscarriage. Wellth offers this test through accredited Swedish laboratories, often alongside MMA testing for comprehensive B-vitamin and cardiovascular assessment.
Testing homocysteine is essential for identifying cardiovascular risk factors and nutrient deficiencies, particularly in vitamins B6, B12, and folate. It is especially important for individuals with a personal or family history of high homocysteine, heart disease, or stroke. Research shows optimal homocysteine ranges from 7 to 11 micromol/L, with stroke incidence increasing above 11 micromol/L. For those planning pregnancy, homocysteine testing is also critical, as elevated levels in the first trimester can affect pregnancy outcomes.
What a high value can mean
High homocysteine (hyperhomocysteinaemia) can indicate vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, kidney conditions, certain genetic polymorphisms such as MTHFR 677CT, or lifestyle factors including smoking, high coffee consumption, and chronic stress. It increases the risk of ischaemic stroke, heart disease, blood clots, and cognitive decline. Homocysteine levels tend to increase with age, and women's levels may rise after menopause due to decreased oestrogen production.
What a low value can mean
Low homocysteine (hypohomocysteinaemia) can be caused by increased glutathione production, low intake of vitamins B9 and B12, low methionine and cysteine intake, or an inherently low MTHFR enzyme level. Since animal products are the main source of methionine, vegans and vegetarians may be at increased risk. Low homocysteine may also indicate oxidative stress if the body is producing more glutathione in response.
No special preparation is needed for this test. On the day of the test, bring valid identification.
Order your test
Choose your test and pay online. Your lab referral is created straight away.
Give your sample
Visit any of our partner sampling locations. No appointment needed at most of them.
The lab analyses it
Your sample is analysed at an accredited Swedish laboratory.
Get your results
Your values appear in your account with reference ranges and an explanation of each marker.
While the clinical reference for high homocysteine is above 15 micromol/L, research suggests optimal levels range from 7 to 11 micromol/L. Stroke risk begins to increase above 11 micromol/L.
Yes. B vitamins, especially B6, B9 (folate), and B12, help lower homocysteine by supporting the methylation pathway. Always consult a doctor or nutritionist before starting supplementation.
Absolutely. Elevated homocysteine in the late first trimester (8 to 12 weeks) has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Testing before or early in pregnancy allows timely intervention.
Testing homocysteine alongside vitamin B12, folate, and MMA provides the most comprehensive picture. This combination can detect B-vitamin deficiencies that drive elevated homocysteine.